| 摘要: |
| 本文针对-23 ℃以下的低温冷链物流场合，研制了一种由甲酸钠（HCOONa）、氯化铵（NH4Cl）和水组成的新型复合相变蓄冷材料SF70（HCOONa-NH4Cl-H2O质量比为2:1:7），并以SF70为基液，添加纳米粒子、增稠剂对其过冷度、导热率导热系数及相分离现象进行优化，对优化后的材料进行循环性能实验及保温箱应用实验。结果表明：添加质量分数为0.4% 的TiO2纳米粒子在综合改善蓄冷材料的过冷度及导热性能上表现最优；添加质量分数为1%的 PAAS增稠剂能有效消除复合材料的相分离现象。经优化的最终材料为SF70+0.4% TiO2+1% PAAS，其相变温度为-29.9 ℃、潜热为255 kJ/kg、过冷度为2.8 ℃、导热率导热系数为0.652 2 W/(m?K)。经过200次循环试验，复合材料热性能稳定。将该复合材料应用在于自制保温箱中可使冷冻肉丸维持保持在-23 ℃以下超20 h，能够满足短途冷链运输的要求。 |
| 关键词: 冷链物流 相变材料 蓄冷 纳米粒子 保温箱 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2021-02-02 修订日期：2021-05-31
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51676129）资助项目。 |
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| Optimization and Application of Phase Change Materials for Low-temperature Cold Chain Logistics |
| Jin Yunfei,Wu Weidong,Fu Shunyu,Jia Puyue |
| (School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology) |
| Abstract: |
| A new composite phase change material composed of sodium formate (HCOONa), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), and water is prepared for low-temperature cold chain logistics below ?23 °C. The material (mass ratio of HCOONa-NH4Cl-H2O is 2:1:7) is named SF70. The supercooling, thermal conductivity, and phase separation of SF70 are optimized by adding nanomaterials and thickeners. Then, experiments are conducted on the circulation and application of the optimized material in an insulated container. The experimental results show that the 0.4% TiO2 nanomaterial exhibits the best effect on improving the supercooling and thermal conductivity of the composite; 1% PAAS can effectively eliminate phase separation. The optimized material is composed of SF70 + 0.4% TiO2 + 1% PAAS, for which the phase change temperature, latent heat, supercooling, and thermal conductivity are ?29.9 °C, 255 kJ/kg, 2.8 °C, and 0.652 2 W/(m?K), respectively. After 200 cycles, the thermal properties of the material remain stable. When the phase change material is used in an insulated container, meatballs can be kept below ?23 °C for more than 20 h, which meets the requirements of short-distance cold chain transportation. |
| Key words: cold-chain logistics phase change material cold storage nanoparticles insulated container |
